龙岩市一级校2022-2023学年第一学期期末高三联考化学参考答案一、选择题:本题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分。题号12345678910答案CBDBAACCAD二、非选择题:本题共5小题,共60分。11.(12分)(1)多次浸取;适当增大稀硫酸浓度;充分搅拌;适当升高温度;粉碎(任答1种,其他合理答案也给分)(1分)............................................................................................................................(2)Al(OH)3(1分)2+-+....................................3Fe+MnO4+8H2O===MnO(OH)2↓+3Fe(OH)3↓+5H(2分)(3)Zn......................................................................................................................................(1分)2+-............................................(4)5Zn+10HCO3===Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6·2H2O↓+8CO2↑(2分)............................................................................................(5)n[Zn(OH)2]∶n(ZnO)=1∶4(2分)(6)加入最后一滴氢氧化钠溶液,溶液颜色由无色变为浅红色且半分钟内不变色.....(1分)97.2%...............................................................................................................................(2分)12.(11分)................................................................(1)Cu+4HNO3===Cu(NO3)2+2NO2↑+2H2O(2分)................................................................................................................................(2)HNO3(1分)..........................................................................................................................(3)Cu(NO3)2(1分).....................................................................向④中溶液通入NO2气体后,加入铜片(1分)..................................................N2(或稀有气体等其他不与体系发生反应的气体)(1分).................................................................................................................................HNO2(1分).....................................................................(4)排除通NO2带来的硝酸浓度增大的影响(1分)...................................................................(5)2HNO3+H2O2+Cu===Cu(NO3)2+2H2O(1分)90%..................................................................................................................................(2分)13.(14分).......................(1)2NH3(g)+CO2(g)CO(NH2)2(s)+H2O(g),△H1=-87.0kJ/mol(2分)(2)该反应正向放热,气体分子数减小,高压低温有利于平衡右移,提高原料利用率。(2分)(3)①ABD..............................................................................................................................(2分)②44.4%...........................................................................................................................(1分)50..................................................................................................................................(1分)③学科网(北京)股份有限公司.............................................................................(2分)..................................(4)①CO(NH2)2+NO(g)+NO2===2N2(g)+CO2(g)+2H2O(2分)②相对于NO2,NO难溶于水,难与尿素接触反应,未参与反应的NO增多,导致总还原率降低。(2分)14.(11分)(1)3d64s2...............................................................................................................................(1分)sp2......................................................................................................................................(1分)6.....................................................................................................................................(2)5(1分)(3)交错..................................................................................................................................(1分)旋转势垒很小,两种结构能量非常接近,气态时二者会相互转化..........................(2分)(4)Pb原子上有孤对电子,对二茂环有排斥.....................................................................(2分)(5)6........................................................................................................................................(1分)41201030....................................................................................................(2分)6.021023a315.(12分)(1)苯乙烯(或乙烯苯)......................................................................................................(1分)(2).........................................................................................................................(1分)(3).......................................(2分)(4)取代反应..........................................................................................................................(1分)(5)羰基、羧基......................................................................................................................(2分)(6)..........................................................................................(2分)(7).....................................................................................................................................................(3分)学科网(北京)股份有限公司
福建省龙岩市一级校2022-2023学年高三上学期期末联考化学试题
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