2024年新高考英语二轮复习【培优小题狂练】专题02阅读理解应用文“文章出处”题（考情+技法+真题+模拟）解析版【三年高考考情】1.（2021·全国甲卷）第22题2.（2014·全国I卷）第21题【解题实用技法】 “推断文章出处”类试题应从文章的内容或结构入手来判断其出处：研究报告类文章(aresearchpaper)：此类文章重点介绍科技领域最新研究成果：新发现、新思想、新发明。第一段概括介绍，然后分段陈述。文章结构严谨，语言规范，句式复杂。图书评论类文章(abookreview)：书评、影评类文章涉及到作者介绍，内容梗概、人物性格评论，写作特色以及个人好恶等内容。广告英语类文章(anadvertisement)：现代生活中广告无处不在，英语阅读理解也是如此。有时会考查微型海报、通知、启示、时刻表、图表等。科普杂志类文章(asciencemagazine)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及到日常生活习惯、健康饮食、太空与海洋、创造与发明、计算机发展、人类未来、动物世界等。其重点是普及科学知识，提高科学素养。教材课本类文章(ageographytextbook)：此类文章内容比较正式，语言规范，往往涉及到学科术语、专业性词汇、概念、理论等。课件展示类文章(aclasspresentation)：此类文章往往紧扣主题，口语性强、语言活泼，形式新颖，伴随有图片、图表、文字介绍等信息。网络网页类文章(anInternetpage)：此类文章往往会提供超级链接标志，如Formoreinformation,pleaseclickhere.【高考真题再练】（2021·全国甲卷）ATakeaview,theLandscape(风景)PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheideaofCharlieWaite,oneoftoday’smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.TakeaviewisadesirableannualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcomersoftheUKandbeyond.MikeShepherd(2011)SkiddawinWinterCumbria,EnglandItwasanextremelycoldwinter’seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.Iclimbedtothetopofasmallriseandrealisedthatthemistwaslittlemorethanafewfeetdeep,andthoughitwasonlyashortclimb,IfoundmyselfcompletelyaboveitandlookingatawonderfullyclearviewofSkiddawwiththesunsettinginthewest.Iusedclassicaltechniques,translatedfrommycollegedaysspentinthedarkroomintoPhotoshop,toachievetheblack—and—whiteimage(图像).TimothySmith(2014)MacclesfieldForestCheshire,EnglandIwasbackinmyhometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages.WalkingupapaththroughtheforesttowardsShutlingsloe.alocalhighpoint,Icameacrossasmallclearingandimmediatelynoticedthedeadyellowgrassessetagainstthefreshsnow.ThesmallpineaddedtotheinterestandIplaceditcentrallytotaketheviewfromtheforegroundrightthroughintotheforest.21．WhowouldmostprobablyenterforTakeaview?A．Writers. B．Photographers. C．Painters. D．Tourists.22．WhatdotheworksbyShepherdandSmithhaveincommon?A．Theyarewinterimages.B．Theyareinblackandwhite.C．Theyshowmountainousscenes.D．Theyfocusonsnow—coveredforests.23．Wherecanthetextbefound?A．Inahistorybook. B．Inanovel. C．Inanartmagazine. D．Inabiography.21．B22．A23．C【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Takeaview以及获奖的相关情况。21．细节理解题。根据第一段“Takeaview,theLandscape(风景)PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheideaofCharlieWaite,oneoftoday’smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.(Takeaview，年度风景摄影师奖是CharlieWaite的主意，他是当今最受尊敬的风景摄影师之一。)”可知摄影师最有可能参加Takeaview。故选B。22．细节理解题。根据MikeShepherd部分“Itwasanextremelycoldwinter’seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.(那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾。)”和TimothySmith部分“IwasbackinmyhometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages.(我回到我的家乡Macclesfield拍摄一些冬季的照片。)”可知Shepherd和Smith的作品的共同之处是它们都是冬天的景象。故选A。23．推理判断题。根据第一段“Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.TakeaviewisadesirableannualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcomersoftheUKandbeyond.(每年参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。对于英国和世界各地的摄影师来说，Takeaview是一项令人向往的年度竞赛。)”结合下文对两位获奖者及其作品的介绍，可知这篇文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Takeaview以及获奖的相关情况，最可能出现在一本艺术杂志上。故选C。(2014全国I卷)TheCambridgeScienceFestivalCuriosityChallengeDaretoTaketheCuriosityChallenge!TheCambridgeScienceFestival(CSF)ispleasedtoinformyouofthesixthannualCuriosityChallenge.Thechallengeinvites,evendaresschoolstudentsbetweentheagesof5and14tocreateartworkorapieceofwritingthatshowstheircuriosityhowitinspiresthemtoexploretheirworld.Studentsarebeingdaredtodrawapicture,writeanarticle,takeaphotoorwriteapoemthatshowswhattheyarecuriousabout.Toenterthechallenge,allartworkorpiecesofwritingshouldbesenttotheCambridgeScienceFestival,MITMuseum,265MassAvenue.StudentswhoentertheCuriosityChallengeandareselectedaswinnerswillbehonoredataspecialceremonyduringtheCSFonSunday,April21st.Guestspeakerswillalsopresentprizestothestudents.Winningentrieswillbepublishedinabook.Studententrieswillbeexhibitedandprizeswillbegiven.Familiesofthosewhotakepartwillbeincludedincelebrationandbrunchwillbeserved.BetweenMarch10thandMarch15h,eachwinnerwillbegiventhespecificsoftheclosingceremonyandtheCuriosityChallengecelebration.Theprogramguidelinesandotherrelatedinformationareavailableat:http://cambridgesciencefestival.org.21.WhocantakepartintheCuriosityChallenge?A.Schoolstudents. B.Cambridgelocals. C.CSFwinners. D.MITartists.22.Whenwilltheprize-givingceremonybeheld?A.OnFebruary8th. B.OnMarch10th. C.OnMarch15th D.OnApril21st.23.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Anexhibitionguide. B.Anartshowreview.C.Anannouncement. D.Anofficialreport.21.B22.D23.C【导读】本文是应用文，关于剑桥科技节的活动介绍，包括参与对象、活动内容、时间安排等。21.B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段Thechallengeinvites，evendaresschoolstudentsbetweentheagesof5and14tocreateartworkorapieceofwritingthatshowstheircuriosityhowitinspiresthemtoexploretheirworld.（这项挑战邀请5岁至14岁的在校学生创作艺术作品或一篇文章，以表达他们对激发他们探索世界的好奇心）可知，这个活动主要的参加对象是学校里的学生，故选B．22.D。细节理解题。根据文章第三段StudentswhoentertheCuriosityChallengeandareselectedaswinnerswillbehonorataspecialceremonyduringtheCSFonSunday，April21st.（参加好奇挑战赛并被选为优胜者的学生将在4月21日星期日CSF期间举行