2024年新高考英语二轮复习【培优小题狂练】专题18【培优小题狂练】阅读理解应用文狂练30篇（五年真题+最新模拟）原卷版【三年考情回顾】时间卷次主题语境题型分类2023年新高考I卷人与社会：自行车租赁项目2个细节理解题；1个推理判断题。新高考=2\*ROMANII卷人与自然：黄石国家公园提供的护林员项目3个细节理解题。全国甲卷人与社会：曼谷美食之旅的建议3个细节理解题。全国乙卷人与社会：四位从医人员的生平与事迹2个细节理解题；1个推理判断题。北京卷人与社会：成为国际奥委会青年领袖项目要求3个细节理解题。2022年新高考I卷人与社会：文学概论课程评分办法1个细节理解题；2个推理判断题。新高考=2\*ROMANII卷人与社会：关于儿童博物馆团体游的相关信息3个细节理解题。全国甲卷人与社会：Cardiff当地的一些剧院和娱乐场所3个细节理解题。全国乙卷人与社会：画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士的展览3个细节理解题。北京卷人与自我：同伴辅助学习课程(PASS)3个细节理解题。2021年新高考I卷人与社会：罗马价格低廉安全舒适的旅馆3个细节理解题。新高考=2\*ROMANII卷人与社会：夏天约克郡的四个活动3个细节理解题。全国甲卷人与社会：摄影比赛以及获奖的相关情况2个细节理解题；1个推理判断题。全国乙卷人与社会：世界四大体育场3个细节理解题。北京卷人与社会：联合国教科文组织的实习项目3个细节理解题。【题型应对策略】应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体，它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简介、商品说明与介绍、新闻报道等，形式多样，题材各异(如图示、表格等)，措辞简洁明了，直截了当。具体答题技巧如下：1.材料特点综观近几年的高考英语阅读理解题，其中应用类阅读题内容主要涉及的是与人们生活息息相关的信息，如产品宣传、服务介绍、招生招聘等。2.形式特点做广告的主要目的就是要让受众了解并记住广告的内容，并为广告上所刊登的内容(产品或服务等)买单。为了达到这一目的，人们在设计广告时往往会做到：标题醒目，重点突出，条理清楚。3.用词特点广告类阅读材料的用词有＂三多＂特点：一是人名、地名、专有名词多；二是生词多；三是缩略词、省略句多。4.命题特点广告类阅读是近几年高考英语阅读理解最常考的题材，在阅读理解的选材中占有很大的比重。命题者的目的是要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，所以命题的题型多是以获取信息为主的细节理解题。笔者建议应用文答题策略如下：1.先题后文先读试题，了解试题考点；明确目的，快速捕捉，获取信息。2.原文定位根据题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，按照题目顺序依次而下：问题与材料相同→对号入座；问题与原文相同→同义替换、归纳事实等。3.淡化生词遇到人名、地名、专有名词等；如与答题无关，直接跳过；涉及答题，则根据语境、构词法等猜词。4.思维导图【高考真题再练】1.（2023新高考II卷）YellowstoneNationalParkoffersavarietyofrangerprogramsthroughoutthepark,andthroughouttheyear.Thefollowingaredescriptionsoftherangerprogramsthissummer.ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone(May26toSeptember2)Whetheryou’rehikingabackcountrytrail(小径),camping,orjustenjoyingthepark’samazingwildlifefromtheroad,thisquickworkshopisforyouandyourfamily.Learnwheretolookforanimalsandhowtosafelyenjoyyourwildlifewatchingexperience.MeetattheCanyonVillageStore.JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics(June5toAugust21)KidscantesttheirskillsandcomparetheirabilitiestotheanimalsofYellowstone.Stayforaslittleoraslongasyourplansallow.MeetinfrontoftheVisitorEducationCenter.CanyonTalksatArtistPoint(June9toSeptember2)Fromaclassicviewpoint,enjoyLowerFalls,theYellowstoneRiver,andthebreathtakingcolorsofthecanyon(峡谷)whilelearningaboutthearea’snaturalandhumanhistory.Discoverwhyartistsandphotographerscontinuetobedrawntothisspecialplace.MeetonthelowerplatformatArtistPointontheSouthRimDriveforthisshorttalk.PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)Enhanceyourphotographyskills—joinYellowstone’sparkphotographerforahands-onprogramtoinspirenewandcreativewaysofenjoyingthebeautyandwonderofYellowstone.6/19—Waterfalls&WideAngles:meetatArtistPoint.7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance:meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.21.Whichofthefourprogramsbeginstheearliest?A.PhotographyWorkshops. B.JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics.C.CanyonTalksatArtistPoint. D.ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone.22.WhatistheshorttalkatArtistPointabout?A.Worksoffamousartists. B.Protectionofwildanimals.C.Basicphotographyskills. D.Historyofthecanyonarea.23.WherewilltheparticipantsmeetfortheJuly10photographyworkshop?A.ArtistPoint. B.WashburnTrailhead.C.CanyonVillageStore. D.VisitorEducationCenter.2.（2023全国甲卷）WheretoEatinBangkokBangkokisahighlydesirabledestinationforfoodlovers.Ithasaseeminglybottomlesswellofdiningoptions.HerearesomesuggestionsonwheretostartyourBangkokeatingadventure.NahmOfferingThaifinedining.NahmprovidesthebestofBangkokculinary(烹饪的)experiences.It’stheonlyThairestaurantthatranksamongthetop10oftheword’s50bestrestaurantslist.HeadChefDavidThompson,whoreceivedaMichelinstarforhisLondon-basedThairestaurantofthesamename,openedthisbranchintheMetropolitanHotelin2010.IssaysStameseClubIssayaSiameseClubisinternationallyknownThaicheflanKittichai’sfirstflagshipBangkokrestaurant.ThemenuinthisbeautifulcolonialhouseincludestraditionalThaicuisinecombinedwithmoderncookingmethods.Bo.tanBo.tanhasbeenmakingwavesinBangkok’sculinarysensesinceitopenedin2009.Servinghard-to-findThaidishesinanelegantatmosphere,therestaurantistruetoThaicuisine’sroots,yetstillmanagestoaddaspecialtwist.Thisplaceisgoodforacandlelitdinneroraworkmeetingwithcolleagueswhoappreciatefinefood.Forthoseextremelyhungrythere’salargesetmenu.GagganEarningfirstplaceonthelatest“Asia’s50bestrestaurants”list,progressiveIndianrestaurantGagganisoneofthemostexcitingvenues(场所)toarriveinBangkokinrecentyears.Thebesttableinthistwo-storycolonialThaihomeoffersawindowrightintothekitchen,whereyoucanseechefGagganandhisstaffinaction.Culinarytheateratitsbest.21.WhatdoNahmandIssayaSiameseClubhaveincommon?A.Theyadoptmoderncookingmethods. B.TheyhavebranchesinLondon.C.Theyhavetop-classchefs. D.Theyarebasedinhotels.22.Whichrestaurantoffersalargesetmenu?A.Gaggan. B.Bo.tan. C.IssayaSiameseClub. D.Nahm.23.WhatisspecialaboutGaggan?A.IthiresstafffromIndia. B.Itputsonaplayeveryday.C.Itserveshard-to-findlocaldishes. D.Itshowsthecookingprocesstoguests.3.（2023全国乙卷）PRACTITIONERSJacquelineFelicedeAlmania(c.1322)highlightsthesuspicionthatwomenpracticingmedicinefaced.BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.In1322shewastriedforpracticingunlawfully.Inspiteofthecourthearingtestimon